傳統(tǒng)的天然纖維包括棉、麻、絲和羊毛。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，新的天然纖維也在不斷出現(xiàn)，如現(xiàn)在廣泛使用的菠蘿葉纖維和竹纖維。都是大自然奉獻(xiàn)給我們的紡織纖維原料。棉、麻、竹、菠蘿葉纖維是天然的纖維素纖維，被火點(diǎn)燃后迅速碳化成灰燼，并伴有燒草的氣味。頭、絲纖維是天然的動(dòng)物纖維，點(diǎn)燃后會(huì)變焦，有燒焦頭發(fā)的氣味。

Traditional natural fibers include cotton, linen, silk, and wool. With the development of science and technology, new natural fibers are constantly emerging, such as the widely used pineapple leaf fibers and bamboo fibers. They are all high-quality textile fiber materials that nature has dedicated to us. Cotton, hemp, bamboo, and pineapple leaf fibers are natural cellulose fibers that quickly carbonize into ashes after being ignited by fire, accompanied by the smell of burning grass. Head and silk fibers are natural animal fibers that will become charred upon ignition, giving off a burnt hair odor.

人類使用天然纖維的歷史可以追溯到古代。根據(jù)科技史，我國絲綢和亞麻織物出現(xiàn)在4000-5000年前，羊毛織物出現(xiàn)在3000年前，棉織物出現(xiàn)在2000年前。

The history of human use of natural fibers can be traced back to ancient times. According to the history of Chinese science and technology, silk and linen fabrics appeared in China 4000 to 5000 years ago, wool fabrics appeared 3000 years ago, and cotton fabrics appeared 2000 years ago.

植物纖維：

Plant fiber:

主要成分是纖維素，又稱天然纖維素纖維。從植物的種子、果實(shí)、莖和葉中獲得的纖維。根據(jù)生長在植物上的部位不同，可分為種子纖維、葉纖維和莖纖維。

The main component is cellulose, also known as natural cellulose fibers. Fiber obtained from the seeds, fruits, stems, and leaves of plants. According to the different parts of the plant that grow, it can be divided into seed fibers, leaf fibers, and stem fibers.

1.種子纖維：棉、木棉等。

1. Seed fibers: cotton, kapok, etc.

2.葉纖維：劍麻、蕉麻等。

2. Leaf fibers: sisal, banana, etc.

3.莖纖維：苧麻、亞麻、大麻、黃麻等。

3. Stem fibers: ramie, flax, hemp, jute, etc.

動(dòng)物纖維：

Animal fiber:

主要成分是蛋白質(zhì)，又稱天然蛋白質(zhì)纖維，分為毛和腺分泌物兩類。

The main component is protein, also known as natural protein fibers, which are divided into two categories: hair and glandular secretions.

1.毛類：綿羊毛、山羊毛、駱駝毛、兔毛、牦牛毛等。

1. Hair types: sheep hair, goat hair, camel hair, rabbit hair, yak hair, etc.

2.腺體分泌：桑蠶絲、柞蠶絲等。

2. Gland secretion: mulberry silk, oak silk, etc.

1.天然纖維具有吸濕性好、透氣性好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

1. Natural fibers have the advantages of good moisture absorption and breathability.

由于天然纖維，尤其是棉和絲的結(jié)構(gòu)比較多，而針織品的針圈結(jié)構(gòu)一般也比較松散，針腳之間的縫隙比較大，尤其是夏季運(yùn)動(dòng)衫、背心和襪子所用的紗線比較細(xì)，人體排出的汗液可以隨時(shí)被吸收散發(fā)，很難附著在人體上。所以，穿棉毛衣物緊貼皮膚，感覺透氣舒適。

Due to the abundant structure of natural fibers, especially cotton and silk, and the loose needle loop structure of knitted goods, the gaps between the stitches are relatively large, especially the fine yarn used in summer sportswear, vests, and socks. Sweat excreted by the human body can be absorbed and emitted at any time, making it difficult to adhere to the human body. So, wearing cotton and wool clothing that fits snugly against the skin feels breathable and comfortable.

2.天然纖維還具有彈性足、延伸性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

2. Natural fibers also have advantages such as sufficient elasticity and good extensibility.

天然纖維中的羊毛具有良好的彈性和延展性，使得毛衣、褲子等羊毛制成的針織品穿著更加舒適，不易起皺變形。針織內(nèi)衣、襪子和手套具有良好的彈性和延展性。它們可以自由伸展，輕松穿脫，能夠適應(yīng)人體各部位的體型和兒童活動(dòng)時(shí)拉伸彎曲的要求。

Wool in natural fibers has good elasticity and stretchability, making knitwear made of wool such as sweaters and pants more comfortable to wear and less prone to wrinkling and deformation. Knitted underwear, socks, and gloves have good elasticity and stretchability. They can stretch freely, easily put on and take off, and can adapt to the body shape of various parts of the human body and the requirements of children's stretching and bending during activities.

1.缺乏彈性且不挺括，容易起皺。

1. Lack of elasticity and stiffness, prone to wrinkling.

2.色牢度不高，容易褪色。

2. Low color fastness and easy fading.

3.天然纖維往往保形性差，洗滌后容易收縮變形(收縮率通常在4%-12%左右)。

3. Natural fibers often have poor shape retention and are prone to shrinkage and deformation after washing (the shrinkage rate is usually around 4% -12%).

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